1.1.1 Concept of electric porcelain

Electrical ceramics are referred to as electrical ceramics. In a broad sense, electric porcelain covers a variety of electrical ceramic products, including insulating ceramics, semiconductor ceramics, and so on. The electric porcelain mentioned in this plan only refers to a class of porcelain insulators used in the power industry system, which are mainly made of natural minerals such as bauxite, kaolin, feldspar, and are fired at high temperatures, including various line insulators, power station electrical insulators, and other insulating components for the isolation or support of charged bodies. Electric porcelain is an important basic device in the electric power industry. The electric porcelain manufacturing industry is a key equipment manufacturing industry supported by the state during the "11th Five Year Plan" period, and is a basic industry of the national economy.

1.1.2 Classification of electric porcelain

Generally, electrical porcelain is classified according to its product shape, voltage level, and application environment. According to product shape, it can be divided into: disc suspension insulator, pin insulator, rod insulator, hollow insulator, etc; According to voltage level, it can be divided into low voltage (AC 1000 V and below, DC 1500 V and below) insulators and high voltage (AC 1000 V and above, DC 1500 V and above) insulators. Among the high voltage insulators, there are two types: ultra high voltage (AC 330 kV and 500 kV, DC 500 kV) and ultra high voltage (AC 750 kV and 1000 kV, DC 800 kV) insulators; According to the use characteristics, it can be divided into: line insulators, power station or electrical insulators; According to the use environment, it can be divided into indoor insulators and outdoor insulators; wait.

1.1.3 Performance characteristics of electric porcelain

Electric porcelain is a component used in power systems to primarily support and insulate, and sometimes serves as a container for other electrical components. Therefore, there are high requirements for its mechanical performance, electrical performance, and environmental resistance (cold and heat, pollution resistance, aging, etc.).

1.1.4 Application of electric porcelain

Electric porcelain is mainly used in power systems for various voltage levels of transmission lines, substations, electrical equipment, and other special industries such as rail transit power systems, connecting conductors or components with different potentials and playing an insulating and supporting role. Such as disk suspension insulators and long rod insulators used for tension or suspension of high-voltage lines, rod post insulators used for substation bus bars or equipment support, and hollow insulators used for transformer bushings, switchgear, capacitors, or transformers.